Flow gun



Feb. 23, 1954 G. s. PYLES 2,670,241

FLow GUN Filed May 22, 1951 2 SheetsSheet l- A INVENTOR. GB01-'C75 51,. 13H/5 5 Feb. 23, 1954 G. s. PYLEs 2,670,241

FLow GUN Filed May 22, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 E 1E: E 98 87 al @T73 "2 ,sa /Gl 4\0 12 97a |00 8o 4/ loa @i/ j, o 95 2 u. l

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Patented Feb. 23, 1954 UNITED .S TATE-S PATENT OFFICE FLOW GUN AGreoi'ge S. Pyles, Detroit, Mich. Y Application May y22 1951, `Serial No. 1227,5713 2 Claims. (014299-150) This invention relates vto devices .having to do with .the YiloWi-ng yof viscous liquids., 4such .as plastic solutions, .onto the surfaces `on which they are to .be used.

More particularly, relates to what .might be termed .a flow .gun `or liquid .delivery .dev-ice .of the nozzle :type which is used to eject viscous 'liquids onto Asurfaces .for use.

One objectief the invention is to provide a device of this character adapted for flowing viscous ,plastic lsolutions safe-guarded .from exposure to .air -until the moment .of final discharge from .the nozzle of the gun.

.Another object is -to provide -a `device of the character described which isadapted to eject viscous liquids where :desired vfor use in carefully controlled quantities :and vonto any .surface Where such liquid mig-ht -be desired Afor use.

.Another obiect is to provide a ilow .gun of 1the character set forth wherein simple .control means is provided `to regulate the'amount of liquid delivered accurately and as desired and wherein the device is adapted to function in an eilicient manner .at-al1 times.

.A .meritorious -ieature 110W .gun is designed to .accommodate :delivery nozzles -of varying I:design and to employ valve mechanism of varying design to lit a particular .delivery nozzle, .all :as :hereinafter set dorth..

Iis that my Aimproved This gun is particularly adapted to :deli-ver glue, f

pement, and .other heavy .plastic sealing comgi'ounds wherever the sai-nears employed. Typical .felds of use reside in sealing glass panes within iframes, .fastening dow-n weatherstrips, sealing .fbod-y ,join-ts :and cement gaskets. Wherever two .parts are intended to tbe .sealed together, .it may ibe used 1.to deliver lthe :sealing `compound along theioint.

Generally speaking, the igun is used to deliver plastic material under relatively high pressures, such as 3000 to 4000 pounds per square inch, and 'it "is particularly 4advantageous for use in the furniture industry to deliver glue vor 'cements of various types.

Dther vobfects, advantages, and meritorious teatures will more fully appear from the following description, claims and 'accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 'is a top planview;

2 "is amedial .longitudinal sectionwith some shown in side elevation; Y

Eig. 3 shows partly in section and partly elentionacomplete flow unitcf my improved nozzle device forms a part;

Fig. 4 .illustrates .a slightly modified form of .gun

as compared with the .rst three ngures of the drawing;

`Fig. 5 illustrates a `gun of the .same general character as Fig. 4, ybut v,Izzrovided with a differ-ent type .of delivery nozzle; .and

Fig. 6 illustrates .a -gun of the same general character .as Figs. 4 and .5, but provided with .a slightly diiierent type of delivery nozzle.

This application represents .a Acmutinueution 1in vpart .of my application Serial No. 55,409, iiled October 119., 1948, now abandoned, whichin turn was a continuation in .part of` my application Serial No. 616,753, .filed September .157, 1.945, now aban- .doned.

Referring to the drawings, I show .in Fig. 3 .the .complete apparatus whereby the flow of viscous liuid is delivered through my improved .-ow gun. The fluid .to be delivered is vprovided fin .a closed reservoir .and a flow .line extends there- .from to the gun. For example,- there vis a pressure reservoir Sada-lated to contain viscous liquid which -may .be -a 4plastic out of contact with the air. This plastic may be delivered under Ypressure from the reservoir to the gun. The gun is ,generally designated as I0. Delivery of the plastic from the reservoir to the gun .is .by way of a .flexible hose .I L

The reservoir comprises a cylinder l5 closed atits ends by threaded caps 1.1 and i9. .A .piston .26 is reciprocably mounted within the cylinder dividing .it into an air chamber 2.! Yand a `liquid -chamber' v2.2. The piston may .be readily removed from the cylinder to enable .refilling .of the latter and for this .purpose I .provide the .piston with a handle 23. The cap lil has `an air inlet for it .25 provided with .a .fitting 26 .through which .air is admitted to `the chamber 2l from a xsource of air under pressure through a line .21. The fitting fis provided with .a 4conventional control valve 28, .a conventional .safety valve 2a, and a pressure indicating dial .30. The bottomcap I9 has an outlet port 3l provided with a iitting 33 :for connection to the hose -I .L .It vis apparent that as air .is .delivered Yunder pressure into the chamber 2l, pressure is exerted upon the piston 20 fand through the `piston upon the .fluid for delivery thereof through the line .I I .to .the gun.V`

This invention concerns itself with the gun and not with the general assembly. The nowgun .is .indicated in detail in Rigs. .1, 2, .4, .5 and 6. The Vconstruction shown Ainliigs. .1 and 2 will be :irst described. The flow .gun comprises an e'longate .body element 4.0 `having an axial iluid passage `bore 42 extending .from Its vforward end toward the rear end thereof. The body is promanipulation of the 4 aligned with and located to recess.

vided with angular extension or hand grip prtion 44 which is hollowed out to provide a bore 43 that communicates with the axial bore 42 of the body. The extension 44 may be provided with a fitting 45 which connects the outer end of the hose H therewith for the delivery of uid through the bore 43 into the bore 42.

In the construction of Figs. l and 2 there is a discharge nipple 5i! threaded into the outer end of the body 40. This discharge nipple is tapered ofi externally and internally. The internal taper provides a valve seat 52. The axial fluid passage bore 42 is closed at the rear by a transverse wall 55. This wall has an axial opening 56 through which the stem of a valve may slidably extend. The valve shown is in the form of a needle valve having a stem B which extends axially of the bore 42 and through the opening 56. A packing element 6I is provided surrounding the valve stem 60 and seated within a recess in the body 40. This packing is retained in place by a threaded plug B2. The valve stem slides through the plug as shown.

It should be noted that the body wall 55 is disposed somewhat rearwardly of the midsection of elongate body 40. The extension conduit 44 is integral with body 40 and extends rearwardly away from that bodv at an angle of less than 45 to the longitudinal liouid passageway extending axially through such body. The delivery conduit opens into and communicates with the longitudinal liouid passageway 42 immediately forwardly of the body wall 55. Since the wall of conduit 43 intersects directly the wall of the longitudinal bore passageway 42, as shown in the various figures of the drawing, and since the angle between the two is less than 45, the opening through which the two communicate is an ellipsoid having a substantially greater area than the cross-sectional area of either the passageway or the conduit. By reason of this relationship, ow resistance from source to nozzle is minimized and is substantially uniform, resulting in uniform flow of the viscous material under any given pressure.

Furthermore, this particular relationship of parts and passageways results in a line of flow from the deliverv conduit into the passageway 42 which is substantially unbroken, further reducing the back pressure. This continuous line of feed to the nozzle is also of extreme importance in producing continuous and uniform flow of the viscous material from the source to the point of application. Such continuity eliminates pockets wherein the viscous material during its flow toward the nozzle may accumulate. Such pockets and blockages are inimicable to continued satisfactory operation because of the fact that accumulated material dries during the period of nonuse of the gun and seriously impairs subsequent ow of material from the source to the nozzle.

In addition to this continuity of flow, reduction of back pressure, and elimination of pockets, it should be noted that the delivery conduit 44 communicates with the body of the gun at substantially its point of equilibrium, thus maintaining a delicate balance of the gun which facilitates sama The body is provided adjacent its rear end with a transverse slot or recess 10 which recess is the rear of the axial Valve stern 60 extends through the This portion of the body is provided with a pair of bosses 12 between which is pivoted bore 42 a lever 15 upon a pivot pin 13. The lower end of this lever is bifurcated as at 11 and the stem 60 extends therethrough. The stem is provided with a head or button 8B adjustably threadedly secured thereon which is adapted to be engaged by the bifurcations 11 of the lever as hereinafter described.

An important phase of the invention resides in the positioning of lever 15 with reference to delivery conduit 44. It should be noted that the operating lever in its position of rest, or inoperative position as shown in the drawings, extends forwardly from its pivot point at an angle to the elongate body 4S and lies in substantial parallelism with the delivery conduit 44. Thus during manipulation the operator grasps the gun about the outer faces of the lever 15 and delivery conduit 44, simply squeezing the hand when he desires to open the valve against the bias of the spring. Furthermore, the weight of the gun when so grasped is sustained at substantially its center of gravity by reason of the heretofore'described relationship between delivery conduit 44 and elongate body 411 and the relationship between said delivery conduit and the rearwardly pivoted forwardly extending operating lever 15.

The cup-shaped plug 85 is adjustably threaded through the rear end of the body and extends into the recess 10. The bore of this cup-shaped plug is adapted to slidably receive the head of the stem. This head 80 has a rearward extension 8i of reduced diameter. A spring 81 encircles the extension 8| and seats at one end against the head and at the opposite end against the end wall Si! of the plug 85. Threaded adjustment of the plug within the end of the body varies the tension on the spring and also varies the maximum permitted movement of the valve.

It is apparent that the fluid delivered through the gun is protected at all times from exposure to the air. The valve seats at the tip of the nozzle so that the fluid being delivered is not exposed to the air until it is ejected from the gun. The spring 81 maintains the valve normally closed and holds the operating lever 15 elevated. When the lever is depressed, compressing the spring, the valve is opened and fluid can be forced under pressure from the tank through the gun.

Fig. 4 illustrates a similar type of gun structure except for details hereinafter set forth. There is an elongate body 40 having an axial bore 42. This body has an angular extension 44 provided with a coupling 45 which is adapted to couple a flexible hose thereto. The extension 44 is hollowed out to provide a fluid passageway to deliver fluid to the bore 42, and the relationship between delivery conduit and the longitudinal or axial bore 42 is the same as Athat heretofore described in conjunction with the modification disclosed in Figs. 1-3.

There is a needle valve having a stem 60 which extends through the axial bore and through k the packing gland 6I and plug 62 as shown. .There is a recess 10c which differs slightly from the recess 10 of Fig. 2 in that it does not extend all the way through the body 40. Such bodyis provided with bosses 12 between which is pivoted an operating handle 15 upon aV pivot pin` 13.

The stem is provided with a head 80 adjustably threaded thereon. This head has a rearward extension 8l of reduced diameter and a spring' 81 encircles this extension and is seated within the cored-out interior of a cup-shaped plug 85 '.The 'spring bears at one end against the head 80 and at opposite against the end `o1* the plug to maintain spring pressure. onk the calva.

Thehandle lha's abifurcated 'lower portion "lil as hereinabove described which adapted to Lengagethe head to urge the valve rearwardly 'when the handle is depressed :against the tension of the spring 8l; As heretofore described in oon- ."runction the modificationilhistrated in .Figs the parallel relationship between handle l5 and delivery 'conduit 15:22; `'inneres in the modifned structure of Figs. L6 and .fall the advantagesheretutore described conjunction with such 'relationship are inherent this-structure.

This :construction diners :from -the one in 2 in 'that `a .set 'screw 195 is threaded into 'the rear end of the head 8U to engage the end of the $0 to 'hold such stem raft adusted threaded position within the head. When itzisdesired toreduoe the amount of liquid delivered Afrom :the outiet lend of the gun, the stem `rtl 'may 7be threaded foutward- 1y to reduce the permitted valve openingand the set screw 195 may then be threaded down-against the end- 1of the stem. The reverse movements can be carried out when is desired.' to increase the size of the valve opening. Through the dual threaded cul-justinent of the head 1B!!4 and :stem du and of the `threaded plug 85l in 'the rear :end of the body, it is possi-ble to provide very accurate and careful control of the quantity vof 'liquid :to be delivered'. The valve stem falso yis hel-dv against accidental rotation within the head which would produce unauthorized `variation in the amount of liquid delivered.

In this particular unit vthere is -a downwardly extending handle portion 96. This finger guard handle portion proects downwardly from the elongate body at approximately its juncture with the hand grip porti-'on #i4 and lies in the plane dened by them. The handle portion, as clearly illustrated in the drawings., is so located .that the :gripping lingers of an operator lying rearwardly thereof grasp the hand .grip portion and bear against the handle and those lingers whichmay be forwardly oi the handle grasp the elongate :body or wall of the longitudinalpassageway. This greatly facilitates manipulation of the gun and accurate placement of the same when utilizing the high pressures for this piece of equipmentis intended. The .nozzle-or tip 59 is provided with an outwardly this is adapted to be received within an internally threaded collar 98 as shown in Fig. 4 to secure the tip to the end of the gun body. This collar 98 also serves, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, to permit the securement of different nozzles or tips to the gun body.

Fig. 5 is similar to the construction shown in Fig. 4 except that the collar 98 is employed to secure a nozzle outlet of a different character as shown in Fig. 4. The nozzle tip of Fig. 5 is indicated by the numeral 9S. It is provided with an internally tapered valve seat IDS adapted to seat a valve |02 which is mounted upon the outer end of a stem and the stem extends rearwardly through the axial bore 42 of the body 48 and through the packing gland elements 6| and 62 and through the recess 10a. A head 8B is threaded on the rear end of the stem. This head is disposed within the recess 10c. It extends slidably into the bore of the threaded plug 85. The head is provided with the reduced diameter rearward extension 8l. A spring 8l surrounds this extension 8| and is held under compression between the head and the end of the plug 85 to urge the valve to its seat.

proj eating radial flange 9?v and f is @handle i5 pivoted fupon Va pin 'I3 .and adapted to be swung to open the. valve against the tension ofthespring all asfdescribed. l

The nozzle tip is provided with a dii'erent lout-- let, however, in that th'cnuter errdhas a reduced diameter tapered tip im winch is cled :atfthe emi but provided with transverse discharge fopen-f ings 4This particular type of tipffis adapted to .he received with-in a -coun-terbore or recess; :in material to eject liquid against the :side wal-lof suon norm-berbere or recess. Other than as Iembodied in this nozzle tip., the construction is as described inFig.

Fig. 6 Arepresent-s another modication which departs the construction fof Figs. 4 .and oniy :in the type 'orf tip fitting provided on :the body .of the gun.l The construction vof the gun :is the same .as that in Fig. 5 except 'that the collar isisho-wn ras provided with a valve .seat M8.. :This valt-,e vseat element is threaded into the outer endofthefgun. .The .outer .e-ndof the gun is in this instance threaded internally and externally. seat element itl! has an outwardly projectmg A:daags .fl i0 which overhahgs the end yof the body. This :seat :element provides a `seat tor the valve. proper .in ica'tedias M2. This particularvailve .I I2 T'sho-wn as :of 'slightly diiierentztormation than the valve @d2 of Fig.. 5 but either may be Ansed. The naive seatfelement when threaded into the puter 4.end of the :gun :is shown in Fig. 6 as spaced slightly from the end of the .collar 99.8 so that .any :suitable type :of outlet commotion 'he 'received within the '..col'lar and .conpl'ed therewith in `communication with the bore of the valve Lseat ilit 'to .provide for fthe discharge of as described. Otherwise eas hereinabove stated, the construction of this gure thesaine as thtlof Rig.

Numerous important advantages derive .from i he construction ihenetotore :set forth. Leakage is eliminated and the valve is so supported `that :it will :not he bent, lthereby ,risking :bindingsof the waive and consequent ifau'lty operation. The valve .stem extending through the :longitudinal 4liquid passageway is :clear :of :obstruction andfdoes :not 4in any way interi-,ene with the of viscous material through the Y Anytendencyloi the value stem to :bend nr flutter because of .its for positive Asupport forwardly of 'the transverse body wall is eliminated because `therear end .portion of the stem is :securely supported. In the absence of a slidable guide for the valve stem, such as the head at the rear of the stem, the thrust of the valve return spring is unsatisfactory due to binding of the valve stem under pressure of the liquid being delivered through the gun passageway.

Stem 60 is not only supported within the transverse body wall 55 of the gun, but it is supported rearwardly by the head which slides within the plug that carries the spring. The packing is disposed rearwardly of the transverse wall through which the stem extends and for that reason a tight joint is obtainable. Whatever the effect of the high pressure utilized in applicants gun may be insofar as bending the valve stem forwardly of the transverse body wall is concerned, there is no binding of the rear end of the stem which interferes with free slidable movement of the stem as a whole.

The importance of balance and manipulability attributable to the relationship between elongate body, delivery conduit, and valve actuating handle cannot be too greatly emphasized. This compactness and focusing of the equilibrium center within the grasp of the operator's hand permits rapid and facile movement of the gun by the operator from point to point during use.

What I claim is:

- 1. A flow gun for relatively viscous material comprising, in combination, an elongate body provided with a longitudinal bore terminating at the front end of the body in a discharge outlet and defining adjacent thereto a valve seat, said bore terminating at the rear end in a body wall extending generally transversely of the bore, a valve in the bore adapted to close upon the seat and having a stem extending slidably through said transverse body wall and projecting rearwardly thereof, said body having a hand grip portion projecting rearwardly angularly from approximately the mid-section of its underside at an angle of less than 45, said hand grip portion provided with a delivery conduit passageway for viscous material extending therethrough and opening into said bore at an angle of less than 45 directly forwardly of the transverse body wall and forming with the boreva continuous generally smooth passageway for viscous material, a valve actuating lever pivotally mounted upon the body adjacent to the rear end of the body and coupled with the rearwardly projecting portion of the valve stem to actuate the valve, said lever projecting forwardly from its pivotal mounting upon the body at an angle of less than 45 and overhanging the body -and with the top side of the lever when the valve is closed disposed substantially parallel to the underside of the hand grip portion and substantially in the plane of the body and the hand grip portion whereby the lever and the hand grip portion are adapted to be grasped within one hand of an operator, said body provided with a handle portion projecting downwardly therefrom at approximately the juncture of the hand grip portion therewith and lying in the plane defined thereby.

2. A iiow gun for relatively viscous compositions comprising, in combination, an elongate body provided with a longitudinal, continuously smooth surfaced, generally cylindrical passageway terminating at the front end in a discharge outlet and defining interiorly adjacent thereto a valve seat, said passageway terminating at the rear end in a body wall extending generally transversely thereof, a valve in the passageway adapted to close upon the seat and having a stem extending lengthwise through the passageway and slidably through the body wall, said body having a hand grip and cylindrical delivery conduit portion projecting rearwardly angularly from the underside midsection at an angle less than 45 and with its cylindrical delivery conduit wall intersecting directly the cylindrical wall of the longitudinal passageway through the body, whereby a communicating opening between the conduit and passageway of substantially greater area than the cross-sectional area of either is formed to thereby facilitate passage of the viscous composition from the conduit into the passageway, and a valve actuating lever pivotally mounted on the body adjacent its rear end and coupled with the valve stern to actuate the valve, said lever projecting forwardly from its pivotal mounting on the body and overhanging the top side of the body in the plane dened by the body and the hand grip portion at an angle of less than 45, the top of the lever when the valve is closed being disposed substantially parallel to the underside of the conduit and hand grip portion, said lever and hand grip portion being adapted to be grasped within one hand of an operator, said body characterized in that it is provided with a handle portion projecting downwardly therefrom at approximately the juncture of the hand grip portion therewith and lying in the plane defined by said hand grip portion and body, said handle being so located that the gripping lingers of an operator rearwardly thereof bear against the hand grip portion of the body and those forwardly of the handle bear against the wall of the longitudinal passageway.

GEORGE S. PYLES.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

